What are the two main types of brakes used in vehicles?

The correct answer identifies the two primary types of brakes used in vehicles, which are disc brakes and drum brakes. Disc brakes utilize a flat, circular disc that rotates with the wheel, and when the brake pads are pressed against the disc, friction slows down the vehicle. This type of braking system offers efficient heat dissipation and better performance, especially in high-speed and heavy braking situations.

On the other hand, drum brakes consist of a cylindrical drum that rotates with the wheel. Brake shoes inside the drum are forced outward against the inner surface of the drum to create friction and slow the vehicle. While drum brakes can be effective, they are generally less efficient than disc brakes due to heat build-up and are more likely to fade under heavy use.

Understanding these two types of braking systems is fundamental for mechanics, as they highlight the different mechanisms, applications, and maintenance requirements associated with each type.